pathological fractures การใช้

• Frequently asymptomatic, skeletal lymphangiomatosis may be discovered incidentally or when a pathological fracture occurs.
• Less commonly, pathological fractures can be found, especially in cases involving the foot.
• Some examples of these complications that are a consequence of bone metastasis are : hypercalcemia, pathological fractures and spinal cord compression.
• Pathological fractures present as a chalkstick fracture in long bones, and appear as a transverse fractures nearly 90 degrees to the long axis of the bone.
• Some current studies indicate osteoclast inhibitors such as alendronate and pamidronate may have beneficial effects on the quality of life by reducing osteolysis, thus reducing the degree of pain, as well as the risk of pathological fractures.
• While recurrence is the most common complication of chondroblastoma other issues include post-surgery infection, degenerative joint disease, pathological fractures, failure of bone grafts, pre-mature epiphyseal closure, functional impairment, and malignant transformation.
• Patients who were given 120 mg of denosumab ( in comparison to those who were given 4 mg of zoledronic acid ) show an greater increase in hypocalcemia, a greater resistance to bone turnover markers uNTx, a delay response in both pathological fractures and spinal cord compression.
• Only a small number of conditions are commonly responsible for "'pathological fractures "', including osteoporosis, osteomalacia, Paget's disease, osteitis, osteogenesis imperfecta, benign bone tumours and cysts, secondary malignant bone tumours and primary malignant bone tumours.
• Surgical intervention is indicated in patients with symptomatic exposed bone with fistula formation and one or more of the following : exposed and necrotic bone extending beyond the alveolar bone resulting in pathological fracture; extra-oral fistula; oral antral communication or osteolysis extending from the inferior border of the mandible or the sinus floor.
• Metastatic breast cancer in bone has the ability to cause bone cells to change from those that create bone to those that break it down ( osteoclasts ) resulting in osteolysis and pathological fractures . ( see and ref . 16 ) According to a recent general review of the mechanisms of cancer pain [ http : / / www . ncbi . nlm . nih . gov / pmc / articles / PMC2895277 / ? tool = pubmed, breast cancer sufferers will almost certainly " not " feel pain in the breast, but rather usually feel the pain when metastasis occurs to the skeleton.